Menachos 10:5 — After the Omer: Chadash and Yom HaNef

Series · The ChurbanKodashim › Menachos › Perek 10 › Mishnah 5קָדָשִׁים ‹ מנחות ‹ פרק י׳ ‹ משנה ה׳

After the Omer: Chadash and Yom HaNef

לְאַחַר הָעֹמֶר: הֶתֵּר הֶחָדָשׁ וְיוֹם הָנֵף
This Mishnah is:a rule · a takana · with a machlokeswhat does that mean?▶ watch this part
Mishnah מנחות י׳:ה׳ · Menachos 10:5
מִשֶּׁקָּרַב הָעֹמֶר, יוֹצְאִין וּמוֹצְאִין שׁוּק יְרוּשָׁלַיִם שֶׁהוּא מָלֵא קֶמַח וְקָלִי, שֶׁלֹּא בִרְצוֹן חֲכָמִים, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי מֵאִיר.
רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, בִּרְצוֹן חֲכָמִים הָיוּ עוֹשִׂים.
מִשֶּׁקָּרַב הָעֹמֶר, הֻתַּר הֶחָדָשׁ מִיָּד,
וְהָרְחוֹקִים מֻתָּרִים מֵחֲצוֹת הַיּוֹם וּלְהַלָּן.
מִשֶּׁחָרַב בֵּית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ, הִתְקִין רַבָּן יוֹחָנָן בֶּן זַכַּאי, שֶׁיְּהֵא יוֹם הָנֵף כֻּלּוֹ אָסוּר.
אָמַר רַבִּי יְהוּדָה, וַהֲלֹא מִן הַתּוֹרָה הוּא אָסוּר, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ויקרא כג), עַד עֶצֶם הַיּוֹם הַזֶּה.
מִפְּנֵי מָה הָרְחוֹקִים מֻתָּרִים מֵחֲצוֹת הַיּוֹם וּלְהַלָּן, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהֵן יוֹדְעִין שֶׁאֵין בֵּית דִּין מִתְעַצְּלִין בּוֹ.
Once the omer was offered, they would go out and find the market of Yerushalayim full of flour and parched grain — not with the Sages’ approval, the words of Rabbi Meir.
Rabbi Yehuda says: with the Sages’ approval they would do so.
Once the omer was offered, the new grain was permitted at once,
and those far off were permitted from midday onward.
After the Beis HaMikdash was destroyed, Rabban Yochanan ben Zakkai enacted that the entire day of waving be forbidden.
Said Rabbi Yehuda: but is it not forbidden from the Torah, as it says (Vayikra 23): “until the very day.”
Why are those far off permitted only from midday onward? Because they know the beis din is not lax about it.

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Part IV · Section 5
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The final ordinance looks forward: a rule set in place so that when the Beis HaMikdash is speedily rebuilt, no one — grown used to life without it — will stumble into an old Temple prohibition. Hope, enshrined in halacha.
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