A fence between his field and the road
He may dig down to bedrock
a strong foundation — not preparing the field
Permissiveis permitted to dig down
What does he do with the earth?
The road — or his own field?
Rabbi YehoshuaPiles it in the public domain and fixes the road with it→ pile it in the road and fix the road with it
Rabbi AkivaHe may not fix the road — he piles it in his own field the way the fertilizer-heaps are made→ don't touch the road; heap it in his field
Likewise one who digs a pit, a ditch, or a cave
the same machlokes over the earth
General ruleAnd likewise one who digs a pit, a ditch, or a cave:
Sheviis 3:10
A Fence along the Public Domain
גָּדֵר בֵּינוֹ וּבֵין רְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים
הַבּוֹנֶה גָדֵר בֵּינוֹ וּבֵין רְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים, מֻתָּר לְהַעֲמִיק עַד הַסֶּלַע.
מַה יַּעֲשֶׂה בֶּעָפָר,
צוֹבְרוֹ בִּרְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים וּמְתַקְּנוֹ, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ.
רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא אוֹמֵר, כְּדֶרֶךְ שֶׁאֵין מְקַלְקְלִין בִּרְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים, כָּךְ לֹא יְתַקֵּנוּ.
מַה יַּעֲשֶׂה בֶּעָפָר,
צוֹבְרוֹ בְּתוֹךְ שָׂדֵהוּ כְּדֶרֶךְ הַמְזַבְּלִין.
וְכֵן הַחוֹפֵר בּוֹר וְשִׁיחַ וּמְעָרָה: