Sheviis 4:1 — Gathering Wood and Stones from a Field

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Gathering Wood and Stones from a Field

לִקּוּט עֵצִים וַאֲבָנִים בַּשְּׁבִיעִית
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Mishnah שביעית ד׳:א׳ · Sheviis 4:1
בָּרִאשׁוֹנָה הָיוּ אוֹמְרִים,
מְלַקֵּט אָדָם עֵצִים וַאֲבָנִים וַעֲשָׂבִים מִתּוֹךְ שֶׁלּוֹ, כְּדֶרֶךְ שֶׁהוּא מְלַקֵּט מִתּוֹךְ שֶׁל חֲבֵרוֹ, אֶת הַגַּס הַגָּס.
מִשֶּׁרַבּוּ עוֹבְרֵי עֲבֵרָה, הִתְקִינוּ שֶׁיְּהֵא זֶה מְלַקֵּט מִתּוֹךְ שֶׁל זֶה, וְזֶה מְלַקֵּט מִתּוֹךְ שֶׁל זֶה, שֶׁלֹּא בְטוֹבָה,
וְאֵין צָרִיךְ לוֹמַר שֶׁיְּקַצֵּץ לָהֶם מְזוֹנוֹת:
At first they would say:
A person may gather wood, stones, and grasses from his own [field], just as he gathers from his fellow's [field], [taking] the large ones.
Once they increased - the transgressors, they instituted that this one gathers from that one's [field], and that one gathers from this one's [field], not as a favor,
and needless to say, he may not arrange food [payment] with them:

what does this mean?

A reading aid, not an exact translation.

This English is a clause-by-clause rendering to help you follow the Hebrew. It is not word-for-word literal, and it is not a transcript of the recorded shiur — the audio carries explanation and context the translation deliberately leaves out.

case/objectrestrictive rulingpermissive rulingconditiongeneral rulewhat does this mean?
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