Eiruvin 10:13 — Rabbinic leniencies in the Mikdash

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Tisha B'Av Series
Mishnah 29 of 41
אִם אֶשְׁכָּחֵךְ יְרוּשָׁלָיִם
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EiruvinMesechtaמסכתעירובין
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נושא · Topicאֵין שְׁבוּת בַּמִּקְדָּשׁRabbinic leniencies in the Mikdash
This Mishnah is:a casewhat does that mean?
Mishnah עירובין י׳:י״ג · Eiruvin 10:13
מַחֲזִירִין רְטִיָּה בַמִּקְדָּשׁ,
אֲבָל לֹא בַמְּדִינָה.
אִם בַּתְּחִלָּה, כָּאן וְכָאן אָסוּר.
קוֹשְׁרִין נִימָא בַמִּקְדָּשׁ,
אֲבָל לֹא בַמְּדִינָה.
אִם בַּתְּחִלָּה, כָּאן וְכָאן אָסוּר.
חוֹתְכִין יַבֶּלֶת בַמִּקְדָּשׁ,
אֲבָל לֹא בַמְּדִינָה.
וְאִם בִּכְלִי, כָּאן וְכָאן אָסוּר.
One may put back a bandage in the Mikdash,
but not in the medinah.
If applying it for the first time, in both places — forbidden.
One may tie a harp-string in the Mikdash,
but not in the medinah.
If for the first time, in both places — forbidden.
One may cut off a wart in the Mikdash,
but not in the medinah.
And if with a tool, in both places — forbidden.
A reading aid, not an exact translation.

This English is a clause-by-clause rendering to help you follow the Hebrew. It is not word-for-word literal, and it is not a transcript of the recorded shiur — the audio carries explanation and context the translation deliberately leaves out.

case/objectrestrictive rulingpermissive rulingcondition
Structure
The Mishnah's Structure▾
עֵירוּבִין י:יא–י:יד
Four mishnayos answer one question — how close may you stand to a melacha in the Beis HaMikdash? This chart covers the whole run; the gold-marked row is this mishnah.
___ בַּמִּקְדָּשׁ, אֲבָל לֹא בַמְּדִינָה · וְאִם ___ — כָּאן וָכָאן אָסוּר
בַּמִּקְדָּשׁ — מֻתָּר
בַּמְּדִינָה — אָסוּר
וְאִם… — כָּאן וָכָאן אָסוּר
נֶגֶר הַנִּגְרָר
מֻתָּר
אָסוּר
וְהַמֻּנָּח
צִיר הַתַּחְתּוֹן
מֻתָּר
אָסוּר
וְהָעֶלְיוֹן
רְטִיָּהthe bandage
מֻתָּר
אָסוּר
אִם בַּתְּחִלָּה→ כָּאן וָכָאן אָסוּר
נִימָאthe harp-string
מֻתָּר
אָסוּר
אִם בַּתְּחִלָּה→ כָּאן וָכָאן אָסוּר
יַבֶּלֶתthe wart
מֻתָּר
אָסוּר
וְאִם בִּכְלִי→ כָּאן וָכָאן אָסוּר
גֶמִי עַל אֶצְבָּעוֹ
מֻתָּר
אָסוּר
אִם לְהוֹצִיא דָם
Summary Chart
Rabbinic leniencies in the Mikdash▾
CaseRulingReason
May one put back a bandage? (רְטִיָּה)Mikdash: permitted · medinah: forbidden — but applying it the first time, forbidden in both—
May one tie a harp-string? (נִימָא)Mikdash: permitted · medinah: forbidden — but tying it the first time, forbidden in both—
May one cut off a wart? (יַבֶּלֶת)Mikdash: permitted · medinah: forbidden — but with a tool, forbidden in both—
Transcript
A machine transcript of the recorded shiur.

This is the shiur as spoken, transcribed automatically and left unedited — the wording is Ephraim's, and occasional transcription errors remain. It follows the audio word by word.

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Mishnah Insights
An amalgam of commentaries, including original insights.

These insights draw on the commentaries to this Mishnah and on the recorded shiur. Those commentaries often rest on earlier sources — the Gemara, the Yerushalmi, the Rishonim, and one another — without always saying so; where they do, we generally cite the one we read. Every commentary consulted is kept, verbatim, with this card.

Restore, don't begin: the Mikdash's narrow leniency▾

Why the bandage may go back

The heter is narrower than ‘no shvus in the Mikdash.’ Tosafos Yom Tov (from Beitzah 11b) explains it as permitting the end for the sake of the beginning: a kohein had removed his dressing so it would not be a chatzitzah for the avodah, and the Sages let him put it back afterward — lest he refuse to remove it at all and be kept from serving. The same logic runs through the mishnah’s cases: one may restore what was in place (put a dressing back, retie a snapped string, pare a wart by hand), never begin it anew.

עוֹלָמוֹ שֶׁל הַמִּשְׁנָה
The harp-string on the duchan

One case comes straight from the Temple’s music: Bartenura notes that a string of a Levi’s harp that snapped mid-service could be tied back on Shabbos, so the shir would not fall silent — but a wholly new string could not be strung.

Series Insights
Series context▾
← Previous
Eiruvin 10:12
The hinge reset only in the Mikdash
Mishnah 29 of 41
Eiruvin 10:13
Ein Shvus B'Mikdash — restore, don't initiate
Next →
Eiruvin 10:14
Binding a wound where the avodah can't wait

Where this sits

The Ein Shvus run keeps sharpening its own edge: the Mikdash sets aside the rabbinic fences of Shabbos, but only so far as the avodah truly needs. Restore the bandage, retie the string, pare the wart by hand — never begin something new. The series is watching the Beis HaMikdash bend Shabbos exactly as much as the service requires, and not a finger more.

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