Megillah 1:3 — What Counts as a Large City

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What Counts as a Large City

אֵיזוֹ הִיא עִיר גְּדוֹלָה
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Mishnah מגילה א׳:ג׳ · Megillah 1:3
אֵיזוֹ הִיא עִיר גְּדוֹלָה, כֹּל שֶׁיֵּשׁ בָּהּ עֲשָׂרָה בַטְלָנִים.
פָּחוֹת מִכָּאן, הֲרֵי זֶה כְפָר.
בָּאֵלּוּ אָמְרוּ מַקְדִּימִין וְלֹא מְאַחֲרִין.
אֲבָל זְמַן עֲצֵי כֹהֲנִים,
וְתִשְׁעָה בְאָב,
חֲגִיגָה,
וְהַקְהֵל,
מְאַחֲרִין וְלֹא מַקְדִּימִין.
אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאָמְרוּ מַקְדִּימִין וְלֹא מְאַחֲרִין, מֻתָּרִין בְּהֶסְפֵּד וּבְתַעֲנִיּוֹת וּמַתָּנוֹת לָאֶבְיוֹנִים.
אָמַר רַבִּי יְהוּדָה, אֵימָתַי, מְקוֹם שֶׁנִּכְנָסִין בְּשֵׁנִי וּבַחֲמִישִׁי.
אֲבָל מְקוֹם שֶׁאֵין נִכְנָסִין לֹא בְּשֵׁנִי וְלֹא בַחֲמִישִׁי, אֵין קוֹרִין אוֹתָהּ אֶלָּא בִזְמַנָּהּ.
Which is a large city? Any that has ten batlanim.
Less than this — it is a kfar.
In these [cases] they said: advance and do not defer.
But the time of the atzei kohanim,
and Tisha B'Av,
and Chagigah,
and Hakhel —
defer and do not advance.
Even though they said "advance, do not defer," they are permitted hespeid and fasts and matanos la'evyonim [on the advanced day].
Said Rabbi Yehuda: when [does this apply]? In a place that gathers on Monday and Thursday.
But a place that does not gather on Monday or Thursday — they read it only at its [actual] time.

what does this mean?

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