A Zeman Nakat Project
From the Omer to Shavuos · Mishnah 1 of 43 · Interactive Edition
Movement I·A · Chadash — The Prohibition Established
1 · עָרְלָה ג:ט · Orlah 3:9
סְפֵק עָרְלָה — בְּאֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל אָסוּר,
וּבְסוּרְיָא מֻתָּר,
וּבְחוּצָה לָאָרֶץ יוֹרֵד וְלוֹקֵחַ,
וּבִלְבַד שֶׁלֹּא יִרְאֶנּוּ לוֹקֵט.
כֶּרֶם נָטוּעַ יָרָק, וְיָרָק נִמְכָּר חוּצָה לוֹ — בְּאֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל אָסוּר,
וּבְסוּרְיָא מֻתָּר,
וּבְחוּצָה לָאָרֶץ יוֹרֵד וְלוֹקֵט,
וּבִלְבַד שֶׁלֹּא יִלְקֹט בַּיָּד.
הֶחָדָשׁ — אָסוּר מִן הַתּוֹרָה בְּכָל מָקוֹם.
וְהָעָרְלָה — הֲלָכָה.
וְהַכִּלְאַיִם — מִדִּבְרֵי סוֹפְרִים.
Doubtful orlah: in Eretz Yisroel — forbidden; in Suria — permitted; outside Eretz Yisroel — one may go down and purchase, as long as he has not seen him gathering it. A vineyard planted with vegetables, and the vegetables are sold outside it: in Eretz Yisroel — forbidden; in Suria — permitted; outside Eretz Yisroel — one may go down and gather them, as long as he does not gather them with his own hand. New grain [Chadash]: forbidden by Torah law everywhere. Orlah: by halachah [from Moshe at Sinai]. Kilayim: by rabbinic enactment.
Purple — Condition
Green — Positive ruling
Red — Negative ruling
Fuchsia — Rule
Black — Case / Object
IntroSeries intro · Welcome to "From the Omer to Shavuos" · 7:03
0:00 / 7:03
0:00
7:03
Speed
Intro transcript · click any word to jump
▾
IntroIntro to Orlah 3:9 and Kiddushin 1:9 · 2:04
0:00 / 2:04
0:00
2:04
Speed
Intro transcript · click any word to jump
▾
Listen with Ephraim Diamond · 6:09
0:00 / 6:09
0:00
6:09
Speed
Transcript · click any word to jump
▾
A picture is worth a thousand words
▾
Geographic context — orlah and kilayim vary by zone
Eretz Yisroel
אָסוּר
Doubt = forbidden
Suria
מֻתָּר
Doubt = permitted
Outside EY
יוֹרֵד וְלוֹקֵחַ
May purchase or gather, with conditions
The closing cascade — three prohibitions by descending legal authority
Biblical
Oral tradition
Rabbinic
Position in the Omer to Shavuos arc — 43 mishnayos
Preceding
— Series opens here —
First mishnah of 43
Current · Mishnah 1
Orlah 3:9 — The Proclamation
Movement I·A
Placed first to establish the stakes: Chadash is serious, global, and biblical. Knowing this makes the Omer's releasing function all the more dramatic. The entire series asks: what frees this? The phrase had a striking afterlife: the Chatam Sofer cited it in 19th-century Hungary to rule against religious reform — "chadash assur min haTorah b'chol makom" became a rallying phrase against religious innovation. A Mishnaic ruling about barley became a slogan in a modern religious controversy.
Following · Mishnah 2
Kiddushin 1:9
The legal framework behind this mishnah's proclamation