Mishnah 2 · Kiddushin 1:9 · From the Omer to Shavuos

A Zeman Nakat Project

From the Omer to Shavuos · Mishnah 2 of 43 · Interactive Edition

Movement I·A · Chadash — The Prohibition Established

2 · קִדּוּשִׁין א:ט · Kiddushin 1:9

      כָּל מִצְוָה שֶׁהִיא תְלוּיָה בָאָרֶץ — אֵינָהּ נוֹהֶגֶת אֶלָּא בָאָרֶץ.
      וְשֶׁאֵינָהּ תְּלוּיָה בָאָרֶץ — נוֹהֶגֶת בֵּין בָּאָרֶץ בֵּין בְּחוּצָה לָאָרֶץ, חוּץ מִן הָעָרְלָה וְכִלְאָיִם.
      רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר אוֹמֵר, אַף מִן הֶחָדָשׁ — נוֹהֵג בְּכָל מָקוֹם.
    

Any mitzva dependent on the land — applies only in Eretz Yisroel. Any mitzva not dependent on the land — applies both in EY and outside EY, except for orlah and kilayim. Rabbi Eliezer says: also Chadash — applies everywhere.

Fuchsia — Rule

Gold — Name of Tana

Black — Case / Object

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Two-panel scene contrasting land-dependent mitzvos (harvest in EY) with non-land-dependent mitzvos (tefillin)

The two-case structure — and the rule that follows each

Case 1 — tied to the land

כָּל מִצְוָה שֶׁהִיא תְלוּיָה בָאָרֶץ

אֵינָהּ נוֹהֶגֶת אֶלָּא בָאָרֶץApplies only in EY — e.g., leket, shichecha, pe'ah, terumah

Case 2 — not tied to the land

וְשֶׁאֵינָהּ תְּלוּיָה בָאָרֶץ

נוֹהֶגֶת בֵּין בָּאָרֶץ בֵּין בְּחוּצָה לָאָרֶץApplies everywhere — e.g., Shabbos, tzitzis, tefillin

Exceptions to Case 2 — land-dependent in origin, yet apply universally

עָרְלָהOrlah — by halacha l'Moshe miSinai · doubt outside EY = permitted

כִּלְאַיִםKilayim — by rabbinic enactment

Rabbi Eliezer adds Chadash as a third exception — halacha follows him

Rabbi Eliezer

אַף מִן הֶחָדָשׁ — נוֹהֵג בְּכָל מָקוֹם

Chadash too applies everywhere — by biblical law. Vayikra 23:14: "in all your settlements" — understood as wherever you dwell, without geographic limit.

Halacha follows R' Eliezer · Bartenura · Rambam, Maachalot Asurot 10:2

Position in the Omer to Shavuos arc — 43 mishnayos

Preceding · Mishnah 1

Orlah 3:9

The proclamation: Chadash is forbidden everywhere — maximum rhetorical force

Current · Mishnah 2

Kiddushin 1:9 — The Framework

Movement I·A

Mishnah 1 proclaimed; Mishnah 2 explains. The two-case rule reveals why Chadash applies everywhere — a land-dependent mitzva that uniquely transcends its geographic basis.

Following · Mishnah 3

Challah 1:1

The five grains subject to Chadash — and what the Omer does for them