The edge of the year: which day is Rosh Hashanah?
Today: Elul always has 29 days
Then: set by witnesses to the new moon
A cow slaughtered and shared out on the 30th of Elul
Erev Rosh Hashanah: the butcher must slaughter (Chullin)
Permissive[the debt] is canceled.
Elul had 30 days → still the Shemittah year → released
Restrictiveit is not canceled.
Elul had 29 → already Rosh Hashanah → not released
Fines set by beis din are not released
the oness, the mefateh, the motzi shem ra
50 or 100 shekel
Restrictiveare not canceled.
→ not released: beis din is already collecting
A loan against collateral · documents handed to beis din
Restrictivethese are not canceled:
→ not released
Beis din is not “your brother” of the pasuk
Sheviis 10:2
What Shemittas Kesafim Does Not Cancel
מַה מְּשַׁמֵּט וּמַה שֶּׁאֵינוֹ מְשַׁמֵּט
הַשּׁוֹחֵט אֶת הַפָּרָה וְחִלְּקָהּ בְּרֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה, אִם הָיָה הַחֹדֶשׁ מְעֻבָּר, מְשַׁמֵּט.
וְאִם לָאו, אֵינוֹ מְשַׁמֵּט.
הָאוֹנֵס, וְהַמְפַתֶּה, וְהַמּוֹצִיא שֵׁם רָע, וְכָל מַעֲשֵׂה בֵית דִּין, אֵין מְשַׁמְּטִין.
הַמַּלְוֶה עַל הַמַּשְׁכּוֹן, וְהַמּוֹסֵר שְׁטָרוֹתָיו לְבֵית דִּין, אֵינָן מְשַׁמְּטִין: