Sheviis 10:5 — Dating a pruzbul — and how many to write

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ZeraimSederסדרזְרָעִים
SheviisMesechtaמסכתשביעית
10Perekפרקי׳
5Mishnahמשנהה׳
נושא · Topicפְּרוֹזְבּוּל מֻקְדָּם וּמְאֻחָרDating a pruzbul — and how many to write
This Mishnah is:drawing the boundarywhat does that mean?
Mishnah שביעית י׳:ה׳ · Sheviis 10:5
פְּרוֹזְבּוּל הַמֻּקְדָּם, כָּשֵׁר,
וְהַמְאֻחָר, פָּסוּל.
שִׁטְרֵי חוֹב הַמֻּקְדָּמִים, פְּסוּלִים,
וְהַמְאֻחָרִים, כְּשֵׁרִים.
אֶחָד לֹוֶה מֵחֲמִשָּׁה, כּוֹתֵב פְּרוֹזְבּוּל לְכָל אֶחָד וְאֶחָד.
חֲמִשָּׁה לֹוִין מֵאֶחָד, אֵינוֹ כוֹתֵב אֶלָּא פְּרוֹזְבּוּל אֶחָד לְכֻלָּם:
A pre-dated pruzbul is valid,
and a post-dated one is invalid.
Pre-dated loan documents are invalid,
and post-dated ones are valid.
[If] one person borrows from five, he writes a pruzbul for each and every one.
[If] five borrow from one, he writes only one pruzbul for all of them:
A reading aid, not an exact translation.

This English is a clause-by-clause rendering to help you follow the Hebrew. It is not word-for-word literal, and it is not a transcript of the recorded shiur — the audio carries explanation and context the translation deliberately leaves out.

case/objectrestrictive rulingpermissive ruling
Structure
The Mishnah's Structure▾
פְּרוֹזְבּוּל הַמֻּקְדָּם כָּשֵׁר · שִׁטְרֵי חוֹב הַמֻּקְדָּמִים פְּסוּלִים Nissan Elul — the year's last day פְּרוֹזְבּוּל הַמֻּקְדָּם כָּשֵׁר dated back — he shrinks only his own reach וְהַמְאֻחָר פָּסוּל claims months it never had פְּסוּלִים שִׁטְרֵי חוֹב הַמֻּקְדָּמִים dated early — it grabs what is not his וְהַמְאֻחָרִים כְּשֵׁרִים dated later — it can only under-reach shrinks his own reach — stands; grabs what is not his — falls
Summary Chart
Dating a pruzbul — and how many to write▾
CaseRulingReason
And if a pruzbul is pre-dated or post-dated?An early date — kosher, but it reaches only loans made by then; a late date — pasul — it would sweep in loans never handed to beis din—
And what of loan documents (shitrei chov)?An early date — pasul — the lender could wrongly seize land sold before the loan existed; a late date — kosher — it can only hurt the lender himself—
How many pruzbuls are written — when one borrows from five, and when five borrow from one?Five lenders — a pruzbul for each one
Five borrowers from the same lender — a single pruzbul covers them all		—
Transcript
A machine transcript of the recorded shiur.

This is the shiur as spoken, transcribed automatically and left unedited — the wording is Ephraim's, and occasional transcription errors remain. It follows the audio word by word.

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