Four times the world is judged
Pesach: the grain · Shavuos: the fruit of the tree
PermissiveOn Pesach,
Pesach: the Omer — the new barley
Permissiveon Atzeres,
Shavuos: the Shtei HaLechem — the new wheat
Rosh Hashanah: everyone passes before Him, one by one
Permissiveon Rosh Hashana
Like sheep through a narrow gateor: like soldiers being counted
Reasonas it says
“He fashions their hearts together, He understands all their deeds”Tehillim 33:15
Sukkos: the water
Permissiveand on the Chag
The rainy season begins
Nisuch hamayim on the Mizbeach
Why is 1 Tishrei the day of judgment?
Rabbi Eliezer: man was created on 1 Tishrei
The Ran: judgment just before Yom Kippur's forgiveness
Rosh Hashana 1:2
The Four Times Hashem Judges the World
בְּאַרְבָּעָה פְרָקִים הָעוֹלָם נִדּוֹן
בְּאַרְבָּעָה פְרָקִים הָעוֹלָם נִדּוֹן,
בְּפֶסַח עַל הַתְּבוּאָה,
בַּעֲצֶרֶת עַל פֵּרוֹת הָאִילָן,
בְּרֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה כָּל בָּאֵי הָעוֹלָם עוֹבְרִין לְפָנָיו כִּבְנֵי מָרוֹן,
שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (תהלים לג) הַיּוֹצֵר יַחַד לִבָּם, הַמֵּבִין אֶל כָּל מַעֲשֵׂיהֶם.
וּבֶחָג נִדּוֹנִין עַל הַמָּיִם: