When is its kind “gone from the field”?
Ownerless — or guarded too?
Tanna KammaNo — only on the mufkar (ownerless, open to man and beast)→ only what the animals can reach
Rabbi YossiYes — even on the shamur→ even a guarded garden counts
Others: if he missed biur, may he still do it?
Late bearers
Tanna KammaOn the first two — yes; on the sisvaniyos — no→ not autumn grapes: poor fruit — or next year's (Rambam)
Tefichin — grain in bird feeders
Dufra — figs that bear twice a year
Sisvaniyos — autumn grapes
Rabbi YehudaMutar on the sisvaniyos too, so long as they began ripening before the Sheviis summer ended→ if they began to ripen in the summer
Sheviis 9:4
Eating from Ownerless Produce
אוֹכְלִין עַל הַמֻּפְקָר
אוֹכְלִין עַל הַמֻּפְקָר, אֲבָל לֹא עַל הַשָּׁמוּר.
רַבִּי יוֹסֵי מַתִּיר אַף עַל הַשָּׁמוּר.
אוֹכְלִין עַל הַטְּפִיחִין וְעַל הַדּוּפְרָא, אֲבָל לֹא עַל הַסִּתְוָנִיּוֹת.
רַבִּי יְהוּדָה מַתִּיר כָּל זְמַן שֶׁבִּכְּרוּ עַד שֶׁלֹּא יִכְלֶה הַקָּיִץ: